Summary
Non-communicable Diseases like diabetes, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), heart disease, stroke, cancer are increasing day by day. Although these diseases don't cause immediate death, it is the cause of physical, emotional and economic suffering for a long time. Non-communicable Diseases (NCD) is the leading cause of preventable death. In South Asia, NCD is the leading cause of the death. Rapid increase in urbanization and population growth, as well as unhealthy lifestyle, unhealthy food consumption habits, lack of adequate physical exercise, excess fat, unregulated drugs, smoking and consumption of tobacco products, environmental pollution are the leading cause of NCD. These are called the risk factors of NCD.
The study conducted nationally in 2010 shows 98.7% of at least one of NCD Risk 77.4% and 283% of the risk in at least two of the three risks. The study also shows 17.9% are affected by the hypertension (high blood pressure). Still the use of tobacco is high (51%). According to World Health Organization 60 % of death is caused by non communicable disease.
Only through awareness and medical treatment, NCD cannot be controlled. Non-communicable diseases immune system needs to be emphasized to control it. From Ministry of Health or the health service providers' aspects only it's not possible to deal with the disease. Non-communicable diseases are also associated with the people's lifestyle and eating habits, insufficient exercise, consumption of alcohol and tobacco, and environmental pollution. Therefore, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare along with the Ministry of Food, Urban Infrastructure, Environment, Education, Commerce, Interior, and Agriculture also have direct relation and vital role in controlling the diseases.
The laws and policies have been reviewed in order to strengthen the involvement and participation of the associated Ministries of Non-Communicable Disease. The laws and policies related to the food, environment, health, and infrastructure mostly dominate in this analysis. The World Health Organization has reviewed several directions for detail policy analysis and determination of scope for controlling Non-Communicable Disease.
Under this analysis, 8 policies and 21 Acts are analyzed. At the end of each policy, a brief analysis of the laws and regulations in relation with the Non-Communicable Diseases has been highlighted. The positive aspects of law and policy analysis: analysis of the laws and policies of each direct or indirect role in the control of Non-Communicable Diseases. Some laws and policies need to be amended.
Thus, the amendment of policies and legislations of Non-Communicable Disease Control is time consuming matter. The high level committee was formed which comprises of the representatives from the Ministry of Health and Planning for the high performance in the laws and policy to control Non-Communicable Disease. Click for more details
